Doorcheck



Dc. 22, 1931. C, JOHNSEN l 1,837,716

DOORCHEGK 5 Sheets-Sheet l 'Filed June 5. 1928 ATTONEYS.-

Dec. 22, 1931. Q, l, JOIHNSEN 1,837,716

DOORCHECK Filed June-5, 1928 5 Sheets-'Sheet 2 65 )A 34 k 64 40 f4, 4f..U T Z9 f5 4 5@ 4/27- f6! 1w @4W 1T' 6' i l 49 l #gag Hr; I VZ 0 ll @im"f fl l, IHM e wl/j INVENTOR MM- dn-naw ATTORNEY c. 1. JoHNsEN 1,837,716

DOORCHECK Filed June 5, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 rNVENToR WJMWM ATTORNEYDec. 22, 1931. c. l. JoHNsl-:N i 1,837,716

DOORCHEGK Filed June .5, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 W o v ,/2/92 l 1J/W0' 543555 463 I liI L; (9 l 1 1 f f1 58 1. 6j II y Z? 6i y ATTORNEY Dec. 22,1931. c. l, `.iol-lNsEN 1,837,716'y DOORCHECK v Filed June 5, 1928 5Sheets-Sheet 5 infill ...m Il

lNvENToR ATTCNEY .other similarly related surfaces.

.of the usual pin or shaft connecting the Patented Dec. 22, 19311,831,716 f, y i

sereni erstes CRSTEN JOHNSEN, OF BROKLYN, NEW YORK DOORCHECK Yapplicatiemea June 5,

This invention concerns an improvement in hinges.`

In the use of doors and other swinging objects' where hinges Vhave beenemployed hitherto, it is `usually necessary to employ door checlrsnofvone kind or another when the motion oft-he swinging element is to becontrolled, especially the closing` movement Iota door which wouldotherwise slam shut under the action of the usual spring hinge.

To thus employ extra appliances adds to the expense ot thevequipment andgenerally makes an unsightly inartistic arrangement because when onecompany supplies hinges and another the Idoor checks artistic harmony ofdesign is generally impossible.

It is the object, therefore, of this invention to provide a. simple andeiiicient device `which will serve not'vonly as a hingeV but asfanaccurate and regulable door checking means. rhus extra hardware will not-be required. Aand the hinge .members used lcan be designed ot anyartistic material to harmonizewith the Aassociated hardware on 'I thedooror other swinging element.

.The invention, stated only 1n general l terms, comprises a hinge memberhaving the usual swing platesadapted to be fastened to a door and a dooryamb, or to any two Instead hinge plates by passing through theiraligned sleeves,r provide a cylindrical .bar-

rel which acts as the connecting member.

' 'l/vithin the barrelis contained a fluid which acts as a checking ordam eninO medium.

Means within the barrel-.and associated with f lone or both 'oit'thehinge `plates is set into operatic-n by the relative motion of theplates Y to compress the iiuid, and-means related to v.and controlledby-the other .plate and the relative plate positions regulates thedegree .of compression and"consequently the dea valve means within thebarrel to control the lfluid escape from compression, the 'po'- 192s.semi No. 283.614.

' interior arrangement;

Fig. 4: is a horizontal section taken on the Y line i-t of Fig. 3through the loclrnut and 0.5 spindle; l i Y 3 y Y Fig. 5 is a horizontalsection taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 through the packing bushing andspindle;

6 is a horizontalsection taken onthe line 6 6 of Fig. 3 through thevalve spring;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 3 throughthe spindle, its winggand the valve cam;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing the door check parts in thepositions occupied when the door-is half open and moving to do; i i

l* is a similar view showing the parts when the door is 45 open andmoving to Si close; I j

Fig. l0 is similar view showing the door almost closed; -1

Fig. 11 is a similar view showing the parts in positionwithrthe doorclosed and about 85 to move to open;

Fig. l2 is a similarview showing the door in a 900 posit-ion andopening;

Fig. 13 is a similarviewshowing the door wide open; i i' l Y' Y lll anelevation of ahinge combining in one housing the sp-ring and the doorcheckv witl the barrel in section showing the in.- terior arrangements;f y 95 Fig 15 is a diagrammatic View showing the f relative position oftheparts for this formV oit' the invention with the door closed; Fie` 16is a similar viewshowing the parts as'disposed when the door iswide-open.; i.

cia

s a similar View with the door openr i "ing anoL almost wide open;

Y28 onloch nuts 29 and 86 projec.

F ig. 18 is a sin'iilar view showing the door closing; and

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view ot my spring and door checks as appliedto a double swinging door.

ifi-.i prererred arrangen'ient is to provide a door with two hinges asusual, one ot them, 'for instance, the upper, being a spring hinge uppersleeve 22 andthe lower sleeve 28'are each ,provided with at least threenotches, such as 26, into one of winch tongues 27 and Loch nut 1 29r hasa bore to receive a squared portion 31 of stem 32 on spring nut 83. Theupper end of stem 32 is threaded toreceive cap knob 34. The spring nut 8is threaded into the upper end of barrel 85 loosely disposed withinhinge sleeves 22 and 23, and has an aperture to receive one end ot aspring 36 coiled within the'barrel 35. The other end of spring 36l isreceived in asimilar aperture in spring nut loosely disposed in thebottom ofbarrel Thisnut has a stein, the outer portion 87 of which is theaded to receive a cap knob 88 and an intermediate portion'89 is squareto lie in a bore in lock nut 30. The tension Vof the spring canbe'adjusted as desired by turning the loclrnuts 29 and 30 and then dis-`posing their tongues 27 and 28 in the desired notches 26 in sleevesA 22and 23. To all appearances this loolrs like an ordinary hinge and can begiven any architectural metal in isli'to match adjoiningharclware. l

Y The door and-j amb 24 25 are also provided, pretera-bly ait a lowerpoint, with a hinge-lile door check as shown in Fig. 3 et ses. Thiscomprises, as above, the hinge vplates 2() and 21, with sleeves 22 and28; also lock nuts 29 Aand-3() with their .tongues 27" and 28-adjustablein one of the notches 26 in vsaid sleeves. `The lock nut 29 in this formhowever, has a bore to receive a'. squared portion 40 of a spindle 41.The upper end of Y spindle 41 is threaded to receive Cap knob 84as'before. The spindle 41 extends down through barrelA 35 and isAenlarged at its loweryend 42 to lie in a recess in the lower closed Aend43 of barrel 85. This barrel'here has. ahead 44to .engage nutjO and astem V3'? threaded to receive cap lnob 38, with aA 'YPacliing squaredportion 37a engaging nut 36.

Beneath nut 29 packing bushing 45 screwed into lthe upper-.end oitbarrel 85.

45 and groove in the wall of barrel 85, which prevents y the bushing 48from turning. This groove extends all the way tothe bottom of barrelV35. The bushing is suppo-rted byrresting on enlarged portion 50 of thespindle 41 lying in a. central bottom opening bore 51'in thev bushing48. The upper end of the bushing 48 is recessed to Vreceive avalvespring 52 (see Fig. 6), one end yof whichris fastened to the bushing andthe other end tothe upper end 53 ot a valve stein54 which extends downalong one edge of barrel 35 and seats in a notch therein at itslowerend. The outer edge of this valve stem 54 lies in a groove in wallof barrel corresponding to the groove in which tongue 49 of bushing 48lies as above described. VIt is evident that the bushing 48 and spring52 and valve stern 54 can -be moved 180o if desired, since theabove-mentioned grooves lie o-pposite eachother. As will be apparenthereafter, this permits the parts to be adjusted Afor a-Kright or lefthand door check. i

The valve stem 54 has a valve plate or wing thereon, extendingvsubstantially from be-` neath the bushing 48 to the' bottom of barrelThis valve plate has an outer bevel edge o. lThus the valve plate 55 isin effect a partition fastened to the barrel 85, only` inot being afixed" partition or abutment, as is usually the case, it is pivoted formove.- in'fnt in either direction from a neutral posi-` tion, anditsmovement is controlled bothby. cani action and by the force of thecontained fluid within the barrel 35. The spindle is provided with alaterallyA extending wing piston 57 Yformed* Vintegral therewith, orotherwise fastened thereto as desired. Fastened to the spindle 41 vnearits middle is a cam plate 58 which, as the spindle turns, is

adapted, under certain conditions, to act on valve piate 55', as will belater described.

die 41 by ineansof a set screw 59. The upper halt or" the spindle 41is'provided with a bore 60V in which a stem 61 of a needle valve 62lies. This needle valve 62 controls the flow of iinid through atransverse passage 63 extending through the spindle 41r to oppo-y sitesides ofl the wing piston 57. The upper end of the spindle bore isthreaded to receive Y threaded portion 64 ofneedle valve stem 61.

A head 65 on the endroi;l stein v61 beneath cap knob 84'perinitsadjustment of needle" valve te control'the iiuid flow.Elaniinnig'l? ig. 8 it 1s observed that. the

Adoor is halt open but moving to close.V The wing piston 57 ismovingcounter yclockwise andiorcing the Afluid ahead of it.'v The valve plate5in this movement of the hinge is held by'spring 52 against the cam 58.`Therefore an openingvr is "formed betweenthe edge ot valve plate 'andthe spindle 41, which howand the door motion is very slow, depending onthe opening of the needle valve 62.

Examining Fig. 11, it will be seen that the door isabout to open. Thewing piston 57 moves clockwise and the valve plate 55, `for thismovement, is moved into the position shown, not only` by the action ofthe cam 58 but also by the force of the fluid as it is impelled in frontof the wing piston 57 and this position is assumed against the action ofthe spring 52 which tends to hold the valve plate 55 in a normalposition. This assumed position permits the opening between the valveplate or movable partition and the wing piston to be as large aspossible, whereby practically no fluid resistance is offered to theopening of the door. As soon as the door is wide open, as shown in Fig.13, and starts back, then the force of the fluid in the oppositedirection forces the valve plate 55 against the cam 58 and the closingcycle of operations is repeated,

In the form shown in Fig. 14 and the diagrams of Figs. 15 to 18, thespring hinge and rdoor check are containedA in one hingecasing.

f In this form the hinge plates 66 and 67 have sleeves 68 and 69embracing the barrel 70. These sleeves, as before, have notches toreceive tongues 71 and 72 on lock sleeves or nuts 73 and 7 4. Nut 73 isfastened to barrel 70 by set-screw 7 5. A cap knob 76 is threaded on tobarrel 70. The spindle 77 at its lower end is 'a support for a valve camplug 78 held on by lock nuts 79 and 80. The upper end of this plugcarries a cam 81 movable with spindle 77 to vary the position in barrel70 of valve plate 82 carried by valve 'stem 83 supported between 'thebottom of the barrel and bottom Vspring end plug 84. This valve stem 83lies 1n a groove 83a in wall'ofjbarrel l70, as'seen in Figs. 14-18inclusive. Spindle 77 is provided along its lower end with a piston wing85. Plug 84 is supported on enlargement 86 on spindle 77, and receivesthe lower end of spring 87, the upper end of which is seated in plug 88having a slotted upper end 89 to receive a key 90. This key also lies ina slot in lock nut 74. The spindle 77 is pinned to this key. A nut orplug 91 is screwed into the upper end of barrel 70. The upper stem ofspindle 77 is threaded to receive cap knob 92l held thereon by set screw93.

In Fig. 15 the door is closed and the valve plate 8,2 lies close tospindle 77. As the door swings open the cam 81 engages the lower end 94of the valve plate 82 and gradually direction.

moves it away from the spindle 77. Int-he full open position shown inFig. 16,the fluid in the barrel has free flow and is not re-V stricted.In Fig. 17 the door is'not quite open 'p and the valve is partly closed.In Fig. 18`

the door is commencing to close and the cam 81 is permitting the valveplate 82 to lie closer to the spindle 77. This is augmented by thepressure of the fluid against, the valve plate 82 as it flows in thedirection ofthe arrows in Fig. 18. Y Y

In Fig. 19 I show a diagramwherein doui ble-swing door 95 is hingedlysupported above and belowrby double hinges 96, 97, and 98, 99.

Hinge 96 is a spring hinge and 97 is a door 1 check forone direction ofswing. Hinge 98 is a spring hinge and 99 is a door check for theopposite direction of swing.

lVhile the operation of the device will probably be apparent from theabove detailed dei' cription, it should be noted'that as one hinge plateis moved' relative to the other, the piston i will tend to force the uidin front of it and at the same time the cam associated withfth'e npiston will engage the wing valve to vary/its position with respect tothespindle, so that the opening therebetween will change and the flow ofthe fluid correspondingly altered. By adjusting the relative position of'the cam on the spindle'with regardto the relative position of theplates at any instant, the progressive checking of the door can bevaried at will. The provision of a manually set njeedle valve in thespindle controlling a passag`e therethrough to opposite sides of thepiston will insure that the flow of fluid .will not vbe completely shutoff and the door arrested before it is closed, although of course if-itshould be desired to stop the door before ity is completely closed, itis merely necessaryv to close' the needle valve entirely. This providesone Vway of maintaining the'door open without using any auxiliary doorstops.

It is also apparent that by moving the i and door check, and whenassociated. as shown in Fig. 19, with spring hinges, is adapted forelficient use in connection with double swing y doors.

1. A? hinge comprising swingable plates,.a barrell disposed between saidplates, said barrel positively connected to one of said plates,

fluid within said barrel, a rotatable wing pistonin said barrel andconnectedto 'the other plate' and adapted to `move the fluid, and apivoted wing valve (fastened to the barrel randV having itsaxisofmov'ement `parallel to and substantially coeXtensive with thelength of' the pistonjsai'd lvalveaet'ion* n ating as a partition, itslposition withl re-r V,by the flow of. the fluid .position of the plates.

speet. to the. piston determining the rate of flow of the fluid andbeing controlled in part and by the relative 2. A hinge comprisingswingable plates.

Ya barrel disposed between said plates, said barrel positively connectedto `one rof said olates fliiiclwitliin said barrel. a rotatable Wingpiston insaid barrel and Connected to the other plate and adapted tomove the fluid, and a v'pivoted partitionfastened to the barrel andacting as a valve, its edge spaced parallel and coextensive with thewingfiston, its position in part determined by the 0W of the fluid, andmeans operated by and connected to the piston toat tiinespositiY-.ielydetermine the position ofthe valve to eentrol thezflow of fluid. v

3. A hinge comprising swingable plates, a barrel disposed between saidplates, said barrel positively yConnected-to` oneof said platee, Vfluid`within 'said barrel, a spindle in said barrel and v.connected to theother plate, aA Wing piston and a cam Yon said spindle, saidpiston'having its edge extending parallel and substantially coeiltensivewith the length the barrel said pistony adapted Yto move the liuidand' avalve platev Within the barrel and engaged by 'said camy to vary thesize of the 'opening between the spindley and thev valve in'Y accordancewith the'i'elative position of the plates the edge of the valve beingspaced gaged by saidV eamrto vary the size of the opening between thespindle and the valve in accordance with the relative position of theplates, the edge ofthe valve' being spaced lfrom and parallel to theedgeof the piston,

said spindle having passage therein. connecting the opposite sides oftlie'piston, anda manually set needle valve to'eontrol the size of saidpassageway.

' partition plate within 'the barrel and fas' ont-he piston Tand' actingon the partition' to Y lL-l;.65.:determine at times its position`W'ithi'espect 5. A door Checking hinge comprising a barrel, a rotatablepiston Within the barrel having .itsl edge parallel to and c'oeXtensive`With the length Vof the barrel, fluid within the barrelto be moved bysaid piston, ra pivoted tened thereto andaeting as a valve to controlwith thepiston thellow of thefluid, the edge of the partitionbeingparallel to and eoextensive with the length ofthe piston, and aeanirother ris, Controlled.

to the piston and control the flow of the fluid from one side of thepiston to the other.

6. A hinge comprising swingable plates,a barrel disposed betweenfsaidplates, said-bait@ iel positively connected to one of said plates, fluidWithin said barrel, apistoii in said barrel land connected to the other`platea-nd adapted to move the fiuid, a movableiiinperforate partition,within and fastened to thesbarrel for unbiased movement therein, .theinotionof the partition within the barrel,beingcontrolledy Y entirelyvbyweitlier theflow of thevfluid or by the relative motionof theplateswhereby the lieiv of the fluid from one side ofthe piston to the otheris Controlled. y y .Y n Y 7. vA hinge comprising swingabler plates, abarrel disposed between said platesfsaid barrel positivelyeonneetedtoone of said plates,

fluid Within said bariel, arotatablewing pis-` ton in said barrel andconnected'to the other plate and adapted to niovethe fluid, a pivoted Yiinpeifoiate partition aotingas a valve Within and fastenedtoia barrelfor unbiased move# ient therein, the motion .ofV the partition withinthe barrel being controlled entirelyeither by the flow of the fluid orby the relative motion of theplates whereby the fiowof n the fluid fromone side 8. lA door checking hinge Comprising a barof 'thel piston tothe a rel, a rotatable piston within said barrel, fluid therewithin tobe moved by said piston` avpiv- -oted iinperforate partitiony platewithin and fastened -to the barrel and acting as, a valve to Controlwith the piston the flow of the fluid to the ineans operated by thepiston to, at

Vtimes,'determine the position of the partition plate withiespeet tothepartition, the inov'enient ofsaid partition being determined only `bysaid means or by the flow of theY fluid.

9. A door oheckinghinge comprising a barrel, a rotatable pistonwithinthe barrel havits edge parallel to and coeextensive With` Vthe length ofthe barrel, fluid within the barrel to be moved by said piston, apivoted imvpeiforate partitionplate Within and Yfastened to the barreland acting as a valve to control with the piston the flow of the fluid,said par- Y tition being mounted Ifor unbiased movement within thebarrel, the edge fof-the partition e beine' oarallel to and co-extensivewith the rs l I y, length of the piston, and means operated yby thepiston to,` at times, determine the yposition of the partition platewith respect to thevpiston, the positionl of the partitionbeingeontrolled entirely either by said means or by the `flow of thefluid.l 1 .s Y Y Y CAl-{STEN I, JOHNSEN.`

